Myanmar-China Border Trade Under MNDAA Control

Kutkai-Nam Hpat Kar road section.
Photo – (The Kokang/Facebook)

The Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA) now controls most of the key Myanmar–China trade routes, border gates, and economic hubs. In northern Shan State, control of the Myanmar–China border is effectively shared between the MNDAA and the United Wa State Army (UWSA). That has made the MNDAA the most crucial armed actor in the conflict economy of northern Shan State.