EAOs Still Control Nearly Half of the Mandalay-Muse Route

The stretch between Kyaukme and Hsipaw is held by the Ta’ang National Liberation Army (TNLA) and Shan State Progressive Party (SSPP), while Hsipaw to Lashio is controlled by the TNLA, Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA), and State Security and Peace Commission (SSPC).

By ISP Admin | October 9, 2025

Photo – AFP

ISP-M2025-114

EAOs Still Control Nearly Half of the Mandalay-Muse Route

Nearly half of the Mandalay–Muse highway remains under Ethnic Armed Organizations’ (EAOs) control. The stretch between Kyaukme and Hsipaw is held by the Ta’ang National Liberation Army (TNLA) and Shan State Progressive Party (SSPP), while Hsipaw to Lashio is controlled by the TNLA, Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA), and State Security and Peace Commission (SSPC). From Lashio to Hseni Township lies under MNDAA’s control; Kutkai to Nam Hpat Kar under the TNLA; Nam Hpat Kar to the Muse border under the Kachin Independence Army (KIA); and from Nam Paw bridge to 105 Mile under the Three Brotherhood Alliance (3BHA).