Mapping No. 41
Scam Syndicates in Myanmar and Their Labor Entry Routes
Individuals from at least 25 countries have entered Myanmar to work in online scamming businesses or Kyar Phyant operations. They enter Myanmar directly or via transit points in Thailand, Malaysia, Laos, or the UAE. Along the China-Myanmar border, there are at least 35 Kyar Phyant businesses operating in seven towns: Muse, Lashio, Laukkai, Pangsang, Mong Pauk, Mongla, and Keng Tung. Before the Operation 1027, at least 15 Kyar Phyant businesses in the city of Laukkai alone. Similarly, nearly 50 Kyar Phyant businesses are situated along the Thailand-Myanmar border, including Tachileik, Shwe Kokko, Myawaddy, Hpa Lu, Kyauk Khat, Sone See Myaing, Waw Lay Myaing, Hpayarthonesu, Htee Khee, and Kawthoung. Tachileik and Myawaddy are particularly concentrated, with 15 and 25 businesses respectively.